This requies you to display a collection of photographs of pretty much any main theme.
Component 2 - Externaly Set Asignment (96 Marks - 40% of GCSE)
The exam board will give you a stimulus of which you must emulate.
Assessment Objectives
AO1
Develop ideas through investigations, demonstrating critical understanding of sources
How To Acheive
Research other photographers, and attempt to emulate their work
Create Mindmaps for inspiration
Create Moodboards for inspiration
Visit art galleries for inspiration
AO2
Refine work by exploring ideas, selecting and experimenting with appropriate media, materials, techniques and processes
How To Acheive
Edit & manipulate photos
Print and collage photographs
Shoot on film
AO3
Record ideas, observations and insights relevant to intentions as work progresses
How To Acheive
Analyse your photographs. Comment on: camera settings, lighting, composition, colour, framing, focal length, depth, + opinions of the image.
Create photoshoot plans
Selection process
AO4
Present a personal and meaningful response that realises intentions and demonstrates understanding of visual language
How To Acheive
Write a statement of intent
Link photoshoots to statement of intent
The camera settings allow you to adjust certain perameters of the camera, to allow you to choose how to expose your photo. The camera settings also have other uses.
Shutter Speed
The shutter is essentially like a little door over the camera's sensor. The sensor is the part of the camera were light actually hits to capture the image. The shutter speed controls how fast the shutter opens and closes.
Affect on Exposure
The shutter speed controls how fast the shutter opens and closes, therefore controlling how much light hits the sensor. If the shutter speed is slower, then this allows for more time for light to reach the sensor, resulting in a brighter image. If the shutter speed is faster, then this allows less time for light to reach the sensor, therefore resulting in a darker image.
Measuring Shutter Speed
Shutter speed is measured in seconds. It can be in whole seconds, or in fractions of a second. The greater the denominator of the fraction, the faster the shutter speed.
Motion Blur
The shutter speed can also contribute to the capturing of motion blur, or to the capturing of a sharp image. If the shutter speed is slower, then this allows for more time for a subject to move, or the photographer to introduce shake to the camera whilst taking the photo, this results in motion blur in the image. On the other hand, if the shutter speed is faster, then this allows for less time for a subject to move, or for the photographer to introduce shake to the camera whilst taking the photo, this results in a sharp image. A fast shutter speed is used to capture sharp images of fast moving subjects.
ISO
ISO stands for "International Organisation for Standardisation", but it also unofficially stands for, "Image Sensitivity" because the ISO is the measure of how sensitive the camera's sensor is to light. The sensor is the part of the camera were light actually hits to capture the image. A more sensitive sensor (higher ISO) will capture more light, resulting in a brighter image. A less sensitive sensor (lower ISO) will capture less light, resulting in a darker image. ISO does have one major drawback. The higher the ISO, the more grain will be introduced into an image, resulting in a less sharp (crap) image. Modern cameras, when shooting in JPEG, are generally quite good at combatting the grain of a higher ISO. The graininess of a RAW image can be combatted in Adobe Lightroom using their AI image noise reduction feature.
Aperture
Affect on exposure
The aperture is the diameter of the lens. A smaller diameter means that less light can reach the sensor resulting in a darker image. A wider diameter means that more light can reach the sensor, resuting in a brighter image.
Depth of Field
The aperture also controlls the depth of field. The depth of field refers to the distance between the subject and the background. A wider aperture creates a shallower depth of field, resulting in a nice background blur. A narrower aperture creates a deeper depth of field, resulting in the whole image being in focus.
Measuring Aperture
Aperture is measured in f-stops. A lower f-stop number corresponds to a wider aperture. A higher f-stop number corresponds to a narrower aperture.
Lenses are arguably the most important piece of equipment for any photographer, afterall it's the optical quality of the lens, not the camera's resolution, that determines how sharp your images are.
Focal Length
Focal length is the zoom of the lens. Focal length itself is a rather complex concept which in photography isn't at all important to understand, however, if you should wish to understand focal length, it is covered in my GCSE physics page open_in_new.
Spherical Lenses
Anamorphic Lenses
Zoom Lenses
Prime Lenses
Prime lenses have a fixed focal length, meaning that they can not zoom in or out at all. Prime lenses are often prefered by photographers, as they have a wider maximum aperture, therefore meaning that they can capture more light, and create a shallower depth of field. The simplicity of the prime lens having fewer glass elements, means that they often produce sharper images than zoom lenses.
Macro Lenses
Macro lenses can take images of extremely small subjects from extrememly close-up.
Tilt-shift Lenses
Fisheye Lenses
Teleconverters
Teleconverters essentially a magnifying glass that is attached between the lens and camera body that allows you to extend the zoom of a lens. A 2x teleconverter will double the focal length. A 3x teleconverter will triple the focal length. Teleconverters do have their drawbacks: They will half your maximum aperture and if they will reduce your image quality if they are not of a high quality.
Filters
Filters are essentially a thin piece of glass that can be attached over the front of your lens.
UV Filters are effectivley sunglasses for your lens. They limit the amount of light that goes through your lens.
CPL Filters enhance colors and contrast, particularly in skies and foliage. They also help to Reduce reflections and glare from non-metallic surfaces such as water and glass.
ND Filters reduce the amount of light entering the lens without affecting color balance.
IR Filters allow infrared light to pass through while blocking visible light. They are used for infrared photography, which can create surreal and otherworldly images.
Diopters act like magnifying glasses for the lens. They enable macro photography by allowing the lens to focus closer to the subject.
Soft Focus Filters diffuse light entering the lens to create a dreamy, soft-focus effect.
Starlight Filters create starburst effects from point light sources.
Kaleidoscope Filters create a kaleidoscope effect.
Rainbow Filters create multi-colour rainbow-like points of light in an image.
Multi-image Filters are prisms that create multiple images or duplicates of the same subject within a single frame.
Coloured Filters come in a range of colours. They allow for colour correction as when white light passes through a coloured filter, all colours are absorbed except for the colour of the filter.
Light Pollution Reduction Filters are designed for astrophotography to reduce the impact of artificial light pollution which enhances the visibility of stars and other celestial objects.
Tripods
Tripods are a three-legged stand which you can attach your camera on top of. They are useful for shooting at slow shutter speeds to keep the camera still and avoid motion blur.
Flash
A flash is a light source that emits light momentarily. It is used to brighten subjects and to compensate for a lack of light when shooting in dark situations.
Gimbals
Gimbals are stabalisers for cameras.
Camera Control Untis
Camera control units are wired remotes, that can be plugged into a camera. They have a button, which upon being pressed takes a photograph. When being used in conjunction with a tripod, they are useful for taking a long exposure photo wihtout introducing motion blure through the action of pressing the shutter button on the camera.
Camera Companion Apps
Most camera brands have a camera companion app which you can download onto your phone. The app connects to your camera either via WiFi or Bluetooth. The app allows you to remotely monitor your camera, remotely adjust camera settings, as well as the ability to download photos from your camera straight to your phone.
I AM NOT A PHOTOSHOP EXPERT, EVERYTHING I KNOW HAS COME FROM MY OWN TRIAL & ERROR. THIS SECTION IS PURELY EXPIREMENTAL.
BEFORE
AFTER
STEP 1
Firstly, using the lasso tool, I selected the area that I wanted to remove.
STEP 2
I then made this selection a new layer.
STEP 3
With my new layer selected, I use the object selection tool to select the piece that I wanted to remove.
STEP 4
Next, I made this a new layer, and then deleted it.
STEP 5
To fill the new gap that I had created, I used the box selection tool and selected an area of clear background. I then made this a new layer via copy.
STEP 6
I then dragged this layer into my gap, duplicating it and overlapping it many times. This created a sort of collage.
STEP 7
In an attempt to blend my collage pieces, I adjusted the vibrance and saturation settings for each individual rectangle to make them all somewhat similar.
STEP 8
I then overlayed rectangles over the borders of the gaps between each piece to make them less rough.
STEP 9
To further blend the collage pieces, I left photoshop and imported my photo into lightroom. Here I created two main masks using the brush tool over the edited area.
STEP 10
On my first main mask, I decreased exposure, contrast, shadows, temp, hue, texture, clarity, sharpness and noise reduction. I also increased highlights, saturation, moire and defringe.
STEP 11
On my second main mask, I decreased contrast and temp whilst increasing highlights and saturation.
STEP 12
I also added some smaller, less significant maskings to help to blend the image further.
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