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Computer Science

OCR

A Level





WHAT IS HTML?

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. A markup language is a way to write down information with embedded instructions that tell a computer how to interpret and display that information. HTML contains the important information for stucture of the content of a webpage, such as text, images, links and more. HTML tells the computer what you want to see, the computer can read and interpret the HTML and produce an output.



WHERE IS HTML USED?

HTML is used to create websites. Every website in existance is written in HTML. In fact, this website that you are on right now was written in HTML. Whilst the primary use of HTML is websites, it is also sometimes used to create emails as well as mobile and desktop apps.



WHY LEARN HTML?

With HTML, you can make your own websites. You can build personal blogs, portfolios, or business websites, and have full control over the content and layout. HTML is also a highly sought-after skill in many job markets. With the rise of the internet, HTML is ever-so relevant to learn.



WHERE DO I WRITE HTML?

To write HTML, you need a text editor. A text editor is simply an application that allows you to write and edit text. When first starting out, it is best to use a simple text editor such as the text editors that already come preinstalled on all desktop computers:

On MacOS Open Finder > Applications > TextEdit
On WindowsOS Start > Search & Open "Notepad"
On ChromeOS Launcher > Search & Open "Text"






WRITING HTML


HTML is written in tags. Tags are basically the instructions that tell tht computer what to do. Tags are written with a less than sign (<) followed by the tag name and then a greater than sign (>). Then follows the content of the tag. After the content, the tag needs to be closed, to do this, we write a closing tag which is a repition of the opening tag with a forward slash (/) after the less than sign (<)

An example of how a tag is written:

<tag> content </tag>

Some tags don't have any content between them. When this is the case, we only write one tag, not two. However, when only writing one tag, this tag need to close itself, so we write the tag as normal but put a forward slash (/) before the greater than (<) sign

An example of how a self-closing tag is written:

<tag/>


Essential Tags

Before writing any tags we must always include two essential tags at the very top of our document. We must write <!DOCTYPE html> just once. The <!DOCTYPE html> tag declares that the file is a HTML file, which is important for the web browser to know when processing files

The essential tag that must always be present at the top of any HTML document

<!DOCTYPE html>

We must also always include the <html> tag when writing html. We embed all of the HTML inside the <html> tag.

The two essential tags of any HTML document

<!DOCTYPE html>
                      <html>

                      All Content

                      </html>


Text Tags


In order to write on a webpage, we must use text tags. Titles and subtitles are usually written using heading tags. Headings are written using the <h1> to <h6> tags. The <h1> tag is the biggest tag in terms of size, and the <h6> tag is the smallest.

HTML

<h1>Heading 1</h1>

Displayed

Heading 1

HTML

<h2>Heading 2</h2>

Displayed

Heading 2

HTML

<h3>Heading 3</h3>

Displayed

Heading 3

HTML

<h4>Heading 4</h4>

Displayed

Heading 4

HTML

<h5>Heading 5</h5>

Displayed

Heading 5

HTML

<h6>Heading 6</h6>

Displayed

Heading 6

The HTML element <p> is used to define a paragraph. The <p> tag outputs the smalest-sized text of any of the text elements.

HTML

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

Displayed

This is a paragraph



Styling Text Tags

The text elements can be styled to alter the appearance of the text. They must be used in conjunciton with the text tags.

The <b> tag is used to create bold text.

HTML

<h2><b>Text</b></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <i> tag is used to create italicized text.

HTML

<h2><i>Text</i></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <u> tag is used to underline the text.

HTML

<h2><u>Text</u></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <big> tag is used to make the text bigger.

HTML

<h2><big>Text</big></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <small> tag is used to make the text smaller.

HTML

<h2><small>Text</small></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <strong> tag is used to make the text stand out more.

HTML

<h2><strong>Text</strong></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <em> tag is used to emphasize the text.

HTML

<h2><em>Text</em></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <mark> tag is used to highlight the text.

HTML

<h2><mark>Text</mark></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <del> tag is used to strikethrough the text.

HTML

<h2><del>Text</del></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <ins> tag is written to show that the text has been insterted, but only displayed as underlined text.

HTML

<h2><ins>Text</ins></h2>

Displayed

Text




The <sup> tag is used to write text in superscript.

HTML

<h2>cm<sup>3</sup></h2>

Displayed

cm3




The <sub> tag is used to write text in subscript.

HTML

<h2>CO<sub>2</sub></h2>

Displayed

CO2




We can combine multiple text elements to create a different text appearance.

HTML

<h2><u><i><mark><big>Text</big></mark></i></u></h2>

Displayed

Text





Separating Parts of Webpages



Webpages need to separate paragraphs, images, etc. to make them easier for a user to read.

To separate elements, we can use the <br/> tag to create a line break. This adds a blank, vertical spacing between elements. The <br/> tag is a self-closing tag.

HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
                      <html>
                      <p>Paragraph 1</p>
                      <br/>
                      <p>Paragraph 2</>
                      </html>

Displayed

Paragraph 1


Paragraph 2




If we want to separate elements with a horizontal line, we can use the <hr/> tag.

HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
                      <html>
                      <p>Paragraph 1</p>
                      <hr/>
                      <p>Paragraph 2</>
                      </html>

Displayed

Paragraph 1


Paragraph 2




If we just want to preserve our spaces and line breaks, we can use the <pre> tag.

HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
                      <html>
                      <pre>Paragraph 1

                      Paragraph 2</pre>
                      </html>

Displayed

Paragraph 1


Paragraph 2




Images


To add an image, we can use the <img> tag. Inside of the <img> tag we use the atributes src and alt. The src attribute is used to specify the source of the image. The alt attribute is used to specify an alternative text to describe the image which helps with seo and accessibility. The alt text will be displayed if the image can not be loaded. Inside of the image tag we must also set the width and height attributes. The width and height attributes are used to specify the width and height of the image. The height and width can be specified in pixels or in percent. The <img> tag does not need to be closed.

HTML

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/xCPZT2V.jpg" alt="The Arc De Triomphe Monument in Paris" width="50%" height="50%">

Displayed

The Arc De Triomphe Monument in Paris



Audio


To add an audio file, we can use the <audio> tag. Inside of the <audio> tag we use the atributes src and controls. The src attribute is used to specify the source of the audio file. The controls attribute is used to specify whether the user can control the audio file (Play, Stop, Volume, Skip). The controls attribute can be set to true or false.

HTML

<audio src="xyzzzpoemchargeofthelightbrigade.mp3" controls></audio>

Displayed




Video


To add a video file, we can use the <video> tag. Inside of the <video> tag we use the atributes src and controls. The src attribute is used to specify the source of the video file. The controls attribute is used to specify whether the user can control the video file (Play, Stop, Volume, Skip). The controls attribute can be set to true or false.

HTML

<video src="https://i.imgur.com/dlEu1yM.mp4" controls></video>

Displayed




Lists


Lists can be created in HTML using the <li> tag. The <li> tag is used to create a list item. Lists can be ordered or unordered. Unodered lists use bullet points. Ordered lists use numbers. Ordered lists need to be nested in a pair of <ol> tags and unordered lists need to be nested in a pair of <ul> tags.
Let's create an ordered list in HTML:

HTML

<ol>
                      <li>Pizza</li>
                      <li>Pasta</li>
                      <li>Ice Cream</li>
                      </ol>

Displayed

  1. Pizza
  2. Pasta
  3. Ice Cream


And here is an unodered HTML list:


HTML

<ul>
                      <li>Pizza</li>
                      <li>Pasta</li>
                      <li>Ice Cream</li>
                      </ul>

Displayed

  • Pizza
  • Pasta
  • Ice Cream



Buttons


To create clickable buttons in HTML, we use the <button> tag.
Let's create a button that says "Click Me":

HTML

<button>Click Me</button>

Displayed



Hyperlinks


Hyperlinks are used to link to other parts of the website or other websites. To create a hyperlink, we use the <a> tag. Inside of the <a> we must include the atribute href. The href attribute is used to specify the destination of the link. The href attribute can be set to a URL or a file path. We can add a hyperlink to a text element, image or button.
Let's create a button with hyperlink to my photography website:

HTML

<a href="https://photography.samfield.org"><button>Click Me</button></a>

Displayed



Clicking that button will open that webpage in place of this one. We can open the webpage in a new tab by using the target attribute. By setting the target attribute to _blank, the webpage will open in a new tab.

HTML

<a href="https://photography.samfield.org" target="_blank"><button>Click Me</button></a>

Displayed

WHAT IS CSS?

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheet. A style sheet is a document that defines the presentation and formatting of a structured document. Style sheets specify how elements should be displayed on the screen. CSS is used to style a HTMl document. CSS allows us to change the colour, font, size, layout and so much more of a HTML document.



WHERE IS CSS USED?

CSS is used to style HTML documents therefore CSS is responsible for the design of a website.



WHY LEARN CSS?

With CSS, you can enhance your own websites. You can have full control over the content and layout. CSS is also a highly sought-after skill in many job markets. With the rise of the internet, CSS is ever-so relevant to learn..



WHERE DO I WRITE CSS?

To write CSS, you need a text editor. A text editor is simply an application that allows you to write and edit text. When first starting out, it is best to use a simple text editor such as the text editors that already come preinstalled on all desktop computers:

On MacOS Open Finder > Applications > TextEdit
On WindowsOS Start > Search & Open "Notepad"
On ChromeOS Launcher > Search & Open "Text"






WRITING CSS



CSS is used to style HTML documents. To insert CSS into a style sheet, we can use three different ways:
  • External CSS
  • Internal CSS
  • In-line CSS


  • External CSS

    To insert CSS using the external method, we need to create a new file with the .css extension. We can then link to that file in our HTML document. We can then write all of our CSS in the .css file. The syntax for this is as follows:

    HTML

    <!DOCTYPE html>
     <html>
      <head>
       <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
      </head>
     </html>

    Displayed






    Internal CSS

    To insert CSS using the internal method, we can use the <style> tag. We can then write all of our CSS in the <style> tags. The syntax for this is as follows:

    HTML

    <!DOCTYPE html>
      <html>
        <style>
    
          CSS goes here
    
        </style>
      </html>

    Displayed






    In-line CSS

    To insert CSS using the in-line method, we can use the style attribute inside of a HTML element. We can then write all of our CSS in the style attribute. The syntax for this is as follows:

    HTML

    <!DOCTYPE html>
                              <html>
                               <h style="CSS goes here"><h>
                              </html>

    Displayed





    Cascading Order

    If multiple CSS rules are acting on one element, the element will only output the CSS of the rule of highest priority. The priority of CSS styles is as follows:
    1. In-line Style
    2. Internal Style
    3. External Style





    WHAT IS MathML?

    MathML stands for Mathematical Markup Language. A markup language is a way to write down information with embedded instructions that tell a computer how to interpret and display that information. MathML is like a special language that computers use to write and show math problems, equations, expressions, shapes and more. MathML is the way the computer understands what we want to see, so it can show the math problems correctly on the screen.



    WHERE IS MathML USED?

    MathMl is most commonly used to display mathematical information on websites. MathMl is also used in mobile and desktop applications and E-books.



    WHY LEARN MathML?

    MathML allows you to represent mathematical formulas and equations accurately on web pages and digital documents. This is especially useful for webdevelopers, educators, researchers, and anyone involved in publishing mathematical content online. As more educational and professional content moves online, the ability to create and manage mathematical content using MathML will become increasingly important.



    WHERE DO I WRITE MathML?

    To write MathML, you need a text editor. A text editor is simply an application that allows you to write and edit text. When first starting out, it is best to use a simple text editor such as the text editors that already come preinstalled on all desktop computers:

    On MacOS Open Finder > Applications > TextEdit
    On WindowsOS Start > Search & Open "Notepad"
    On ChromeOS Launcher > Search & Open "Text"






    Writing MathML


    HTML is written in tags. Tags are basically the instructions that tell tht computer what to do. Tags are written with a less than sign (<) followed by the tag name and then a greater than sign (>). Then follows the content of the tag. After the content, the tag needs to be closed, to do this, we write a closing tag which is a repition of the opening tag with a forward slash (/) after the less than sign (<)



    Essential Tags

    Before writing any tags we must always include the essential <math> tag to encapsulate all of our MathMl inside of. The <math> tag can be put inside of a HTML Document.

    HTML

    <!DOCTYPE html>
      <html>
       <math>
    
          All MathML content
    
       </math>
      </html>

    Displayed

    All MathMl content


    Writing Values

    When writing values (numbers, algebraic letters, pi, sin, cos, tan, ect.) we use the <mi> tag. The <mi> tag stands for Mathamatical Identifiers.
    Lets write 476 in MathML.

    MathML

    <math>
        <mi>476</mi>
    </math>

    Displayed

    476



    Writing Operators
    When writing operators (times, divide, plus, minus, ect.) we use the <mo> tag. The <mo> tag stands for Mathamatical Operators. Each operator has its own unique hex code to represent it:

    - Minus &#x2212;
    + Plus &#x2B;
    × Multiply &#x00d7;
    ÷ Divide &#x00f7;
    = Equal &#x003D;
    Not Equal &#x2260;
    Approximately Equal &#x2248;
    < Less Than &#x003c;
    Less Than or Equal &#x2264;
    > Greater Than &#x003e;
    Greater Than or Equal &#x2265;
    ± Plus or Minus &#x00b1;
    Proportional &#x221d;
    Summation &#x2211;
    Product &#x220f;
    Left Floor Parenthesis &#x230a;
    Right Floor Parenthesis &#x230b;
    Left Ceiling Parenthesis &#x2308;
    Right Ceiling Parenthesis &#x2309;


    So, if we want to write a multiplication sign, we would write:

    MathML

    <math>
         <mo>&#x00d7;</mo>
    </math>

    Displayed

    ×


    Writing Simple Equations

    So now that we know how to write values and operators, we can start writing equations. To write an equation, we must put our value and operator tags indside an <mrow> tag. The <mrow> tag stands for Mathamatical Row.
    Let's write 4 + 3 = 7 in MathML.

    MathML

    <math>
     <mrow>   
    
     <mi>4/<mi><mo>&#x2B;</mo><mi>3</mi><mo>&#x003D;</mo><mi>7</mi>
     </mrow>
    </math>

    Displayed

    4+3=7


    Writing Fractions

    To write fractions, we must use the <mfrac> tag. Inside the <mfrac> tag, we must write the numerator and denominator tags, these are both written using the <mn> tag.
    Let's write 0.5 in MathML.

    MathML

    <math>
        <mrow>   
            <mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac>
        </mrow>
    </math>

    Displayed

    12


    How To Write Indices

    To write indices, we use the <msup> tag around the entire number and the <mn> tag around just the power.


    Let's write 23 in MathML.

    MathML

    <math>
       <mrow>  
           <msup><mi>2</mi><mn>3</mn></msup>
       </mrow>
    </math>

    Displayed

    23


    Writing Roots in MathML

    To write roots in MathML, we use the <root> tag. The <root> surrounds the <mi> tag (The number being rooted) and <mn> tag (The root number).
    Let's write the cube root of 69 in MathML.

    MathML

    <math>
       <mrow>  
           <mroot><mi>69</mi><mn>3</mn></mroot>
       </mrow>
    </math>

    Displayed

    693


    Writing The Quadratic Formula in MathML

    We now have all of the neccessary MathML knowledge to put together and write a more complex equation such as the quadratic fromula.
    Let's write the quadratic formula in MathML:

    MathML

    <math>
      <mrow>
    <mi>x</mi><mo>&#x003D;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mrow><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>b</mi></mrow><mo>&#x00b1;</mo><mroot><mrow><msup><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>&#x2062;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>&#x2062;</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></mroot></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>&#x2062;</mo><mi>a</mi></mrow></mfrac>
      </mrow>
    </math>

    Displayed

    x = -b ± b2 - 4 a c 2 a


    WHAT IS PYTHON?

    Python is a general purpose programming language. We use python to give instructions to computers.



    WHERE IS PYTHON USED?

    Python is used in web development, software development, mathematics, system scripting and more.



    WHY LEARN PYTHON?

    Python is great for beginners as it has an easy to read syntax. It is also a very popular language and is used in many fields. Python can even be embedded into HTML documents, making it a great choice for those interested in web development.



    WHERE DO I WRITE PYTHON?

    To write Python, you can either use a web based IDE (such as Replit.com open_in_new) or you can use a local text editor. A text editor is simply an application that allows you to write and edit text. When first starting out, it is best to use a simple text editor such as the text editors that already come preinstalled on all desktop computers:

    On MacOS Open Finder > Applications > TextEdit
    On WindowsOS Start > Search & Open "Notepad"
    On ChromeOS Launcher > Search & Open "Text"

    NOTE: IF USING A LOCAL TEXT EDITOR YOU MAY NEED TO INSTALL PYTHON FROM python.orgopen_in_new






    Writing Python



    Embedding Python into HTML

    To embed Python into HTML, we first must add a script defer: <script defer src="https://pyscript.net/alpha/pyscript.js"></script> inside of our HTML <head> tags. We can then use the <py-script> tag. We must write all of our python inside of the <py-script> tags.

    HTML

    <!DOCTYPE html>
     <html>  
      <head>
        <script defer src="https://pyscript.net/alpha/pyscript.js"></script>
      </head>
    <py-script>
    
    </py-script>
    </html>

    Displayed


    Printing Things

    To print things onto a screen in python, we use the code: print("").
    Let's print "Hello World!" in python:

    python

    print("Hello World!")

    Displayed

    print("Hello World!")

    Variables

    A variable is a name that stores a value. Variables are useful because instead of remembering everything, we can just remember the name of the variable. We can assign a value to a variable using the code: variable_name = value.

    Let's create a variable called "name" and assign it the value "John".

    python

    name = "John"
    
    
    print(name)

    Displayed

    name = "John" print(name)

    NOTE: YOU MUST HAVE AT LEAST A TWO LINE GAP BETWEEN THE VARIABLE AND PRINT

    Now let's create multiple variables and print them in different ways

    python

    name = "John"
    surname = " Doe"
    age = 69
    wife = "Jane"
    wife_surname = " Doe"
    wife_age = 6900
    
    
     print(name+surname)

    Displayed

    name = "John" surname = " Doe" age = 69 wife = "Jane" wife_surname = " Doe" wife_age = 6900 print(name+surname)

    python

    print(age+wife_age)

    Displayed

    print(age+wife_age)

    python

    print(name+surname, wife+wife_surname)

    Displayed

    print(name+surname, wife+wife_surname)

    Math In Python

    Python allows us to perform basic mathematical calculations.


    Let's take a look at some operations python can do:

    Addition:

    python

    print(2+5)

    Displayed

    print(2+5)

    Subtraction:

    python

    print(2-5)

    Displayed

    print(2-5)

    Multiplication:

    python

    print(2*5)

    Displayed

    print(2*5)

    Division:

    python

    print(2/5)

    Displayed

    print(2/5)


    Comparing Values

    We can compare values using python. We write two equals signs (==) to compare values. We can also compare values using greater than (>) or less than (<) signs as well as greater than or equal to (>=) or less than or equal to signs (<=). An exclamation mark means that the opposite is true (the value is not equal to the other value). The output will either be true or false, this is useful for creating things like passcodes and verification codes.

    python

    5 == 5

    Displayed

    5 == 5

    python

    9 == 5

    Displayed

    9 == 5

    python

    9 > 5

    Displayed

    9 > 5

    python

    9 != 5

    Displayed

    9 != 5



    Conditional (If/Else) Statements

    We can write conditional statements to output different things depending on the value of a variable. We use the if statement to check if a value is true or false.

    python

    if name == "John":
    print("Hello John")
    else:
    print("I don't know you")

    Displayed

    if name == "John": print("Hello John") else: print("I don't know you")


    Now let's see what happens when the opposite is true.


    python

    if name != "John":
    print("Hello John")
    else:
    print("I don't know you")

    Displayed

    if name != "John": print("Hello John") else: print("I don't know you")




    WHAT IS R?

    R is a programming language used for creating graphs and statistical computing.



    WHERE IS R USED?

    R is most commonly used to visualise and analyse data.



    WHY LEARN R?

    R is the most popular programming language in the field of data science.



    WHERE DO I WRITE R?

    To write R, you need to first download it from https://cloud.r-project.org/index.html open_in_new






    Writing R



    Printing things

    To print things in R, we literally just write them


    R

    Hello World!

    Displayed

    Hello World!



    You can however, if you should want to, print things using: print("")


    R

    print("Hello World!")

    Displayed

    Hello World!





    Math in R

    R allows us to perform mathematical calculations.


    Let's take a look at some operations R can do:

    Addition:

    R

    2+5

    Displayed

    7


    Subtraction:

    R

    2-5

    Displayed

    -3


    Multiplication:

    R

    2*5

    Displayed

    10


    Division:

    R

    2/5

    Displayed

    0.4




    Sqaure Root:

    The sqrt() function returns the square root of a number:

    R

    sqrt(25)

    Displayed

    5


    Absolute Value:

    The abs() function returns the absolute (positive) value of a number:

    R

    abs(-25)

    Displayed

    25


    Rounding:

    The ceiling() function rounds a number upwards to its nearest whole number, and the floor() function rounds a number downwards to its nearest whole number:

    R

    ceiling(1.69)

    Displayed

    2

    R

    floor(1.69)

    Displayed

    1





    Variables

    A variable is a name that stores a value. Variables are useful because instead of remembering everything, we can just remember the name of the variable. We can assign a value to a variable using the code: variable_name <- value.


    R

    name <- "John"
    
    
                          name

    Displayed

    John



    Now let's create multiple variables and print them in different ways. To print multiple variables at once, we use the paste(variable1, variable2) function.


    R

    name <- "John"
    surname <- "Doe"
    age <- "69"
    wife_name <- "Jane"
    wife_surname <- "Doe"
    wife_age <- "6900"
    
    
    paste(name, surname)

    Displayed

    John Doe


    R

    age + wife_age

    Displayed

    6969


    R

    paste("Hello", name)

    Displayed

    Hello, John





    Comparing Values

    We can compare values using R. We write two equals signs (==) to check if values are equal. We can also compare values using greater than (>) or less than (<) signs as well as greater than or equal to (>=) or less than or equal to signs (<=). An exclamation mark means that the opposite is true (the value is not equal to the other value). The output will either be true or false, this is useful for creating things like passcodes and verification codes.

    R

    5 == 5

    Displayed

    True


    R

    9 == 5

    Displayed

    False


    R

    9 > 5

    Displayed

    True


    R

    9 != 5

    Displayed

    True





    Conditional (If/Else) Statements

    We can write conditional statements to output different things depending on the value of a variable. We use the if statement to check if a value is true or false.


    R

    name <- "John"
    
    
    if (name == "John") {
    print("Hello, John")
    }

    Displayed

    Hello, John


    We can use the else statement to output something when the if statement is returned as false.


    R

    name <- "Jane"
    
    
    if (name == "John") {
    print("Hello, John")
    } else {
    print("I don't know you")
    }

    Displayed

    I don't know you



    We can use an elseif statement have mutliple possibilities of differnet "if" outputs.


    R

    name <- "Jane"
    
    if (name == "John") {
    print("Hello, John") 
    } else if (name == "Jane") {
    print("Hello, Jane")
    } else {
    print("I don't know you")
    }

    Displayed

    Hello, Jane

    R

    name <- "John"
    
    if (name == "John") {
    print("Hello, John") 
    } else if (name == "Jane") {
    print("Hello, Jane")
    } else {
    print("I don't know you")
    }

    Displayed

    Hello, John

    R

    name <- "Sam"
    
    if (name == "John") {
    print("Hello, John") 
    } else if (name == "Jane") {
    print("Hello, Jane")
    } else {
    print("I don't know you")
    }

    Displayed

    I don't know you



    We can nest ifs inside of other ifs which allows you to test multiple criteria and increases the number of possible outcomes


    R

    score <- "69"
    
    if (score > 30) {
    print("Your score is above 30")
    if (score > 50) {
    print("and also above 50!")
    } else {
    print("but not above 50.")
    }
    } else {
    print("Your score is below 30.")
    }

    Displayed

    Your score is above 30
    and also above 50!



    And/Or Logical Statements


    We can use & (and) or | (or) as logical operators




    Computer Science Past Papers


    Computer Science Paper 1 June 2022 open_in_new Mark Scheme open_in_new

    Computer Science Paper 2 June 2022 open_in_new Mark Scheme open_in_new